Poland’s Foreign Trade Grew in 2024 as EU Markets Drove Exports

Poland’s foreign trade activity expanded in 2024, with data from the Yearbook of Foreign Trade Statistics of Poland 2025 showing resilient export and import growth amid stable demand from European partners.

According to Statistics Poland, total foreign trade turnover in goods and services increased compared to 2023, maintaining Poland’s strong integration within the EU single market. The European Union remained Poland’s largest trading partner, accounting for the dominant share of both exports and imports. Germany continued to hold the top position as Poland’s leading export destination and import source, followed by the Czech Republic, France, and the Netherlands.

Trade in goods with OECD countries also grew steadily, reflecting diversified industrial and consumer linkages. The United States and South Korea registered notable increases in both directions of trade, particularly in industrial machinery, transport equipment, and electronic components.

The report highlights that exports were mainly composed of manufactured goods, automotive products, and machinery, while imports were dominated by industrial inputs, electronics, and energy resources. In services, IT and business outsourcing continued to be major contributors to Poland’s export profile, supported by growing cross-border demand for digital and professional services.

The yearbook also notes an improvement in the terms of trade, indicating favourable price dynamics for exported goods relative to imports. Price indices in both exports and imports were tracked across major commodity groups using the Combined Nomenclature (CN) and Polish Classification of Products and Services (PKWiU).

In 2024, Poland’s external debt remained stable and the balance of payments showed sustained surpluses in trade in services, helping to offset moderate deficits in goods.

Statistics Poland emphasised that the data were compiled under harmonised EU methodologies through the INTRASTAT and EXTRASTAT systems, ensuring comparability across member states.

The 2025 edition marks the 60th annual publication of Poland’s foreign trade yearbook, offering detailed breakdowns by country, sector, and product category in both current and constant prices, with values expressed in PLN, EUR, and USD.