In 2023, 3.7 million women in the European Union held managerial positions, an increase from 3.1 million in 2014, according to data from the EU Labour Force Survey, the primary source of labour market statistics in the region.
Despite this growth, women remained underrepresented in management roles. While they made up nearly half (46.4%) of all employed people in the EU, only 34.8% of managers were women in 2023. This marks an improvement from 2014, when women accounted for 45.8% of the workforce and held 31.8% of managerial positions.
Among EU countries, Sweden had the highest proportion of women in managerial roles in 2023, at 43.7%, followed by Latvia (42.9%) and Poland (42.3%). In contrast, Luxembourg (22.2%), Croatia (23.8%), and Czechia (27.4%) recorded the lowest shares.
Over the past decade, the overall share of women in management across the EU has increased by 3.1 percentage points. Twenty member states have seen an upward trend, with the largest increases recorded in Cyprus (+10.5 percentage points), Malta (+8.3 percentage points), and Sweden (+6.5 percentage points). Meanwhile, Hungary and Slovenia experienced the largest declines, both down by 2.6 percentage points, followed by Lithuania, which saw a decrease of 1.7 percentage points.
Source: Eurostat